<div dir="ltr">In Arkansas, we must choose a program approved by EdReports. <a href="https://aredreports.ade.arkansas.gov/Reviews/ela" target="_blank">https://aredreports.ade.arkansas.gov/Reviews/ela</a><div><br></div><div>I am not able to see why Reading Mastery was not approved.</div><div>I know that when our co-op members came to observe it being taught, they said it did not explicitly teach some of the phonics/phonemic awareness rules.</div><div>They also claimed that it taught skills out of order.</div><div><br></div><div>The series we adopted crams so many rules, so many sight words, and many many other skills into each lesson. They are taught, assessed, then moved on, whether students have mastered them or not.</div><div>So of course it covers everything needed for the science of reading, but does it in such a jumbled, impractical way, that struggling students don't stand a chance.</div><div><br></div><div>I had several phone conversations with a McGraw Hill representative. She told me that the Signature Series was submitted for review and was not approved.</div><div>She also said the new series, Transformations, would not be submitted because the publisher knew it wouldn't meet for approval.</div><div><br></div><div>In my experience, Reading Mastery taught just a few skills at a time and gave much needed practice until they were mastered and students were fluent when reading. The new series teaches so many sound combinations, vcv, cvc, open/closed syllables, etc, that only your quickest learners could memorize them all.</div><div><br></div><div>I only know of 2 or 3 schools in Arkansas that have taught Reading Mastery. That may have something to do with why McGraw Hill is not pushing back more.</div><div>??</div><div><br></div><div>It's still so frustrating to lose a program that works well.</div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Sat, Oct 14, 2023 at 5:58 PM Maureen Graves <<a href="mailto:maureenrgraves@gmail.com" target="_blank">maureenrgraves@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr">Based on my memory and quick skim, it seems to me that this great article explains why districts adopt junk (spots but no Dalmation) but not why they reject a Dalmation when it comes along. What reasons are Arkansas and Utah giving for rejecting Reading Mastery? What did they say are the "red flags"? What would it take to get approved? What Works Clearinghouse is pretty easily satisfied as long as an article has an academic author and is new. Do pictures need updating for DEI? I don't remember them well. </div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Fri, Oct 13, 2023 at 11:34 AM Shepard Barbash <<a href="mailto:shepbarbash@gmail.com" target="_blank">shepbarbash@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:georgia,serif">Zig explained why Reading Mastery and other DI programs don't meet the 'criteria'--a timeless column:</div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:georgia,serif"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:georgia,serif"><div style="color:rgb(80,0,80)"><a href="https://zigsite.com/DalmatianPro.htm" target="_blank">https://zigsite.com/DalmatianPro.htm</a><br></div><div style="color:rgb(80,0,80)"><br></div><div style="color:rgb(80,0,80)"><a href="https://zigsite.com/Dalmatian.htm" target="_blank">https://zigsite.com/<span>Dalmatian</span>.htm</a></div><div style="color:rgb(80,0,80)"><br></div><div style="color:rgb(80,0,80)">Shep Barbash</div></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:georgia,serif"><br></div><div class="gmail_default" style="font-family:georgia,serif"><br></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Thu, Oct 12, 2023 at 1:43 PM Laura Hughes <<a href="mailto:laura.hughes@rattlers.org" target="_blank">laura.hughes@rattlers.org</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr">Arkansas also has an approved list, Reading Mastery did not pass the criteria. <div>We had to give it up after years of effective teaching, confidence building, and good test scores.</div><div>I can tell you that the curriculum we chose was very expensive and will never match what we were able to accomplish with Reading Mastery.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Wed, Oct 11, 2023 at 11:31 AM Carolyn Sharette <<a href="mailto:csharette@apamail.org" target="_blank">csharette@apamail.org</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div>Crazy happenings in Utah.<div>Senate Bill 127 passed requiring state-approved “science-based reading” programs in every school within 2 years.</div><div>We cheered! Finally others would join us in using effective reading curriculum! (We opened 20 years ago and Reading Mastery is our Core reading program)</div><div>Every district has to report what program it will use and gain approval to qualify under the law.</div><div>We sent in our plan to use Reading Mastery. </div><div>It was FLATLY DENIED. Too many “red flags”. Not science-based.</div><div><br></div><div>????????????</div><div><br></div><div>State reading results came out. 4 out of top 6 schools use some type of Reading Mastery (for Core or Corrective).</div><div><br></div><div>Still they refuse to “approve” it!!!!</div><div><br><div>
<div style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:-webkit-auto;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;color:rgb(0,0,0);line-height:normal;font-family:"Century Schoolbook";font-size:large;font-weight:800;margin:0in 0in 0.0001pt"><b style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-size:16px;text-align:-webkit-auto"><font face="Century Schoolbook"><span style="font-family:Didot"><font size="6" color="#021472"><span style="font-size:20px"><br>Carolyn Sharette</span></font></span></font></b></div><div style="font-size:16px;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:-webkit-auto;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;color:rgb(0,0,0);line-height:normal;font-weight:bold;margin:0in 0in 0.0001pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><b><font face="Century Schoolbook"><span style="font-weight:bold;font-family:Corbel"><font><font size="4" color="#021472"><span style="font-size:14px">Executive Director</span></font></font></span></font></b></div><span style="font-size:16px;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:-webkit-auto;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:"Microsoft Tai Le";line-height:normal"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:"Microsoft Tai Le";font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:normal;text-align:-webkit-auto;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:"Microsoft Tai Le";font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:normal;text-align:-webkit-auto;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px"><div style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:normal;text-align:-webkit-auto;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;font-weight:bold;color:rgb(39,94,140);font-size:16px;margin:0in 0in 0.0001pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><b><font face="Century Schoolbook"><span style="font-weight:bold;font-family:Corbel"><font color="#000000"><font size="4"><span style="font-size:14px">Cell: 801-808-3933</span></font></font></span></font></b></div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:normal;text-align:-webkit-auto;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;font-weight:bold;font-size:16px;margin:0in 0in 0.0001pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><b><font color="navy" face="Century Schoolbook"><span style="color:navy;font-weight:bold;font-family:"Century Schoolbook",serif"><font size="4" style="color:blue;text-decoration:underline"><span style="font-size:14px"><a href="mailto:csharette@apamail.org" style="color:blue;text-decoration:underline" target="_blank">csharette@apamail.org</a></span></font></span></font></b></div><div style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:normal;text-align:-webkit-auto;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;font-weight:bold;font-size:16px;margin:0in 0in 0.0001pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"><b><font color="navy" face="Century Schoolbook"><span style="color:navy;font-weight:bold;font-family:"Century Schoolbook",serif"><font size="4" style="color:blue;text-decoration:underline"><br></font></span></font></b></div></span></span></span><br><span><img alt="20 year anniversay logo - Email Signature .5x.5.png"></span><br><br style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-family:"Microsoft Tai Le";font-size:16px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><font face="Calibri" style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:16px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span style="font-size:12px">Confidentiality Notice: The information contained in this e-mail is for the intended recipient(s) alone. It may contain privileged and confidential information that is legally protected. If you are not an intended recipient, you must not copy, distribute or take any action in reliance on it. If you have received this e-mail in error, please notify the sender immediately by reply to this email and delete the material from your computer.</span></font>
</div>
<div><br><div>On Oct 6, 2023, at 11:55 AM, Kozloff, Martin <<a href="mailto:kozloffm@uncw.edu" target="_blank">kozloffm@uncw.edu</a>> wrote:</div><br><div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">In places where whole language has finally been dropped without comment from districts (which has happened around here), it is because of several events.</div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"><br></div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">>> The crisis. Jillions of articles at all levels report the crisis of moronitude in public schools. "Jeez, Louise, these kids can't read. What the heck!"</div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"><br></div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">>> The challenge. Enough national-level articles (research and commentary) are published whose message is that "we finally know what effective instruction requires"---even if this has been known for decades.</div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"><br></div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">>> Unmasking the enemy. "Bombshell" reports go after those responsible, for their dopey ideas and their fortunes--- stupidity combined with avarice. "And the kids paid for this!" </div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"><br></div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">For ex, the Funky Goodmans (an editor of theirs said they were always surrounded by a noxious bouquet of stench---they hadn't heard of Whole Deodorant.) and Lucy C.</div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"><br></div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">>> The Fear. Administrators start to think that they'd better change things or the public may come for them with hot pitch, feathers, and wooden rails.</div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"><br></div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">>> Publishers advertise that "We are not those guys. Our materials are consistent with what we know works."</div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"><br></div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">>> The Answer. Administators (having no idea what well-designed instruction looks like) buy the materials that are best advertised. Some such materials seem to work well enough. </div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"><br></div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">What happens when they pick the wrong materials, as they thrash around for a solution? That's when a higher power (state legislature, parents suing under the 14 amendment equal protection clause) has to respond swifty, before ineffective programs become "Our way." "No, you need to try again, or you'll get sued in federal court."</div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"><br></div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">Just my thoughts. As always, correct, and delivered with humility and a side order of schmaltz.</div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"><br></div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">Kozloff out</div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif"><span><br></span></div><div style="font-size:12pt;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;font-family:Aptos,Aptos_EmbeddedFont,Aptos_MSFontService,Calibri,Helvetica,sans-serif">Check the manuscript if you feel like it. Book 2 of a series of six. Integrates DI, ABA, TAGTeach, and Precision Teaching, in a wholesome package of logically okay (I'm not Zig of blessed memory!) formats. Comes with a pink tote bag.<span></span></div><span id="m_5972983937255040454m_-5729669888370660630m_6368320141387695986m_-1991341226823380599m_-6044899724827567429m_7401242804846793342cid:9A20D85A-623D-4CD5-81B2-6A460152CCA9"><bk 2 learning readiness.docx></span><span style="font-family:Avenir-Book;font-size:16px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;float:none;display:inline">_______________________________________________</span><br style="font-family:Avenir-Book;font-size:16px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><span style="font-family:Avenir-Book;font-size:16px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none;float:none;display:inline">di mailing list</span><br style="font-family:Avenir-Book;font-size:16px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><a href="mailto:di@lists.uoregon.edu" style="font-family:Avenir-Book;font-size:16px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px" target="_blank">di@lists.uoregon.edu</a><br style="font-family:Avenir-Book;font-size:16px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;text-decoration:none"><a href="https://lists.uoregon.edu/mailman/listinfo/di" style="font-family:Avenir-Book;font-size:16px;font-style:normal;font-variant-caps:normal;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:normal;text-align:start;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px" target="_blank">https://lists.uoregon.edu/mailman/listinfo/di</a></div></div><br></div></div>
<br>
<img src="https://www.americanprep.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/20-year-anniversay-logo-Email-Signature-.5x.5-1.png"><br>
<br>
<span><span><span><span>Confidentiality
Notice: The information contained in this e-mail is for the intended
recipient(s) alone. It may contain privileged and confidential
information that is legally protected. If you are not an intended
recipient, you must not copy, distribute or take any action in reliance
on it. If you have received this e-mail in error, please notify the
sender immediately by reply to this email and delete the material from
your computer.</span></span></span></span>
_______________________________________________<br>
di mailing list<br>
<a href="mailto:di@lists.uoregon.edu" target="_blank">di@lists.uoregon.edu</a><br>
<a href="https://lists.uoregon.edu/mailman/listinfo/di" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">https://lists.uoregon.edu/mailman/listinfo/di</a><br>
</blockquote></div><br clear="all"><div><br></div><span class="gmail_signature_prefix">-- </span><br><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div><font face="comic sans ms, sans-serif"> Laura </font><font face="comic sans ms, sans-serif">Hu</font><font face="comic sans ms, sans-serif">gh</font><font face="comic sans ms, sans-serif">es </font></div><div><br></div><div><br></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
_______________________________________________<br>
di mailing list<br>
<a href="mailto:di@lists.uoregon.edu" target="_blank">di@lists.uoregon.edu</a><br>
<a href="https://lists.uoregon.edu/mailman/listinfo/di" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">https://lists.uoregon.edu/mailman/listinfo/di</a><br>
</blockquote></div>
_______________________________________________<br>
di mailing list<br>
<a href="mailto:di@lists.uoregon.edu" target="_blank">di@lists.uoregon.edu</a><br>
<a href="https://lists.uoregon.edu/mailman/listinfo/di" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">https://lists.uoregon.edu/mailman/listinfo/di</a><br>
</blockquote></div>
</blockquote></div><br clear="all"><div><br></div><span class="gmail_signature_prefix">-- </span><br><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div><font face="comic sans ms, sans-serif"> Laura </font><font face="comic sans ms, sans-serif">Hu</font><font face="comic sans ms, sans-serif">gh</font><font face="comic sans ms, sans-serif">es </font></div><div><br></div><div><br></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>