[Andalusi Studies] Fwd: "The Impact of Translation in Completing the Picture of History"

Wed Sep 10 06:05:10 PDT 2025

Of interest.
Best regards,
María

---------- Forwarded message ---------
De: Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi from Aymenn’s Monstrous Publications <
aymennaltamimi at substack.com>
Date: mié, 10 sept 2025 a las 14:32
Subject: "The Impact of Translation in Completing the Picture of History"
To: <maria.morras at upf.edu>

An article in al-Quds al-Arabi
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for more
"The Impact of Translation in Completing the Picture of History"
<https://substack.com/app-link/post?publication_id=465186&post_id=173264182&utm_source=post-email-title&utm_campaign=email-post-title&isFreemail=true&r=1vkq9i&token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjoxMTM1MDE0MzAsInBvc3RfaWQiOjE3MzI2NDE4MiwiaWF0IjoxNzU3NTA3NTY5LCJleHAiOjE3NjAwOTk1NjksImlzcyI6InB1Yi00NjUxODYiLCJzdWIiOiJwb3N0LXJlYWN0aW9uIn0.eaZF8PJuKpMf2QRoPwZaqA5EUDzReNnfd9kqk0GMerA>An
article in al-Quds al-Arabi

Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi <https://substack.com/@ajaltamimi>
Sep 10
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To readers: I apologise for the slowdown in production of articles and
posts recently, as I have been completing a couple of book projects for
Routledge and Manchester University Press. The following article I feature
and translate below appeared in the pan-Arab newspaper al-Quds al-Arabi in
late August and is in fact related to one of my book projects.
Specifically, the author looks at the *Historia Arabum *(“History of the
Arabs”) by Toledan archbishop Rodrigo Ximénez de Rada (d. 1247 CE) and my
Arabic translation of it that was published in 2022 CE by Dar Khutut in
Jordan. You can purchase a copy here
<https://substack.com/redirect/6f3b3b48-d5d8-404a-b05a-6714f0188dfc?j=eyJ1IjoiMXZrcTlpIn0.2U8KHLi6BPju-9TgnHoHRSnZx3l_aX49lDDQUqGxxzk>
if you are interested. I am also pleased to say that you can read the *Historia
Arabum *and Rodrigo’s other ‘minor histories’ in my forthcoming English
translation and study due to be published by Manchester University Press in
January 2026, with pre-order being available here
<https://substack.com/redirect/310ffc65-4d1c-402a-8c14-abe7ee4eca04?j=eyJ1IjoiMXZrcTlpIn0.2U8KHLi6BPju-9TgnHoHRSnZx3l_aX49lDDQUqGxxzk>
.

Given the *Historia Arabum’s* significance as the first surviving Western
monograph on Arab history, the author argues that the work is important in
completing the picture of the history of Muslim Spain (al-Andalus) among
Arab audiences, despite what she sees as its negative portrayal of Islam
and Arabs (in contrast interestingly with some who see a more objective
picture that develops later within the book). In effect, for the author,
the book allows the reader to understand a more ‘indigenous’ viewpoint
about the Muslim conquest of Spain and its aftermath. In general then,
translation is a particularly important enterprise for historical study.

Below is the article
<https://substack.com/redirect/9c5741ae-1fcc-4d73-b6fd-4366055b9d81?j=eyJ1IjoiMXZrcTlpIn0.2U8KHLi6BPju-9TgnHoHRSnZx3l_aX49lDDQUqGxxzk>
(with slight editing and correction), which constitutes a sequel to
the author’s
review of my Arabic translation and study of the Mozarabic Chronicle
<https://substack.com/redirect/bdc0312a-8fb4-4c36-8ab0-5bec4e0b1501?j=eyJ1IjoiMXZrcTlpIn0.2U8KHLi6BPju-9TgnHoHRSnZx3l_aX49lDDQUqGxxzk>
(Chronicle of 754) published earlier this year in Damascus.
<https://substack.com/redirect/a47a4255-d262-404b-a693-fe4d6e6aefde?j=eyJ1IjoiMXZrcTlpIn0.2U8KHLi6BPju-9TgnHoHRSnZx3l_aX49lDDQUqGxxzk>

The impact of translation in completing the picture of history

By Nour Kourko (Syrian writer)
20 August 2025

Throughout the ages, translation has helped transmit much science and
literature, and we have known that it prospered among the Arabs in the
Abbasid era. For the entry of people from various states into Arab lands
and their learning of its sciences and languages, called in contrast for
review of what science and knowledge their own culture possessed. This
could only be done through transition, for it is the link between what
minds possess and what is contained in books, whose author may perish while
they remain to revive his memory. What is most surprising in our time is
the distancing from translated books in our academic studies, out of fear
of grammatical mistakes, or lack of accuracy in translating the idea
intended by the original author. At the same time, we don't have the
linguistic strength in other languages to read books in their original, so
knowledge among us remains cut off and limited to our own books.

In this study, we have relied on a historical book that reflects a point of
view different from what we have authored in our own books about al-Andalus
and the life of the Prophet. The question is as follows: are all Muslims
really barbaric? Does the entire West think in the same way?

This is what we see, according to the words of the Toledan bishop Rodrigo,
who wrote the book 'History of the Arabs' that I have taken as a model
study, for in it I have found what resembles our present day, as the
translator was able to inspire me through his clear language to pay
attention to what is behind the wall of the author's personality, and the
necessity of writing about history and its developments in order to
distinguish the usurper from the land's owner.

First of all, we should note the subjects about which the book speaks,
including: the life of the Prophet, the history of the Rashidun caliphs,
the rise of the Umayyad emirate in al-Andalus, the fitna of al-Andalus and
the tawa'if kingdoms. All these subjects seem well-known as we have studied
them more than once in Andalusian history and literature, but some of them
as they appear in this book contain what we have not read in our history
nor in the life of the Prophet. For the author looks at the life of the
Prophet impartially and without knowledge, as though he is deliberately
distorting the Messenger's image. For he does not know Arabic, and it is
most likely that he did not read the books that contain the life of the
Prophet whereas he did ask someone to translate the Noble Qur'an into
Latin. Had he known the language he would not have needed to translate
God's book, and as they say, he is a cleric, meaning that he is among the
people who should understand heavenly books.

In terms of the errors he transmitted in the life of the Prophet, they are
distributed over a number of pages in the Book: the most prominent being
that the Prophet's father was Ali and his grandmother Halima, and that he
studied the doctrines of Judaism and Christianity at the hands of a Jewish
astrologer who was his father's friend, and that he was born in Yathrib and
worked for a woman called Hadiya. We would not have seen this biography had
it not been for the translation, and thus we realise that it is important
for us to transmit and translate in order to clarify the likes of these
falsehoods and show what is correct. For if the author is not knowledgeable
and does not know what he is writing and describing, but is influential and
trusted among his people, it is a disaster of thought.

Then the author has an extended chapter entitled: "Concerning Muhammad's
elevation to the position of a king and his falsely contrived visions." It
is clear that there is a long-standing and deep-seated hatred within the
author, for we have not read of a Christian who harmed the prophet, but we
have read of a Jew who did harm him.* This raises curiosity about this
bishop's beliefs.

>From the preceding, we find that translation has transmitted the viewpoint
of the other side, and despite its clear falsehood, such a viewpoint can
open before researchers the horizon of researching influential
personalities in any age and learning how influential their works were on
societies, and whether all people trusted those opinions. The importance of
the matter lies in getting to know the other, and trying to correct
mistakes, for how many old books still have an impact on minds while their
information is not exact or correct. This is what we fear as researchers
and investigators about the truth behind discourse and its aim.

The Western view of Arab Muslims in old history books:

If we look at the author's aim in his book, he said: "For my part, I have
wished to record for future generations the successive events among them
[the Arabs] and the affairs of their times, and let the reader's mind
notice how the false revelation that came from the cunning man Muhammad
devised an evil poison, by which he seemingly bound lustful soils in coils.
Thus should the young learn to stay away from false tales, cling to the
cords of Adam, and adhere to the bonds of kindness." If we analyse his
words and ponder his aim: first, he is addressed those to come, then he
distorts Islam's image, but he falsely claims to have relied on correct
books and narrations. For we have seen how he distorted the Prophet's life,
but he acknowledged without realising that he is a lying cleric who has
arbitrary whims and does not accept the bounds of religion and reason.

What is noteworthy in the book is that the author did not talk much about
the Andalusian rulers in terms of their defects and praiseworthy actions,
whereas he did detail and speak about the Arab rulers, their conflicts and
disputes and the barbarity of their behaviour, while only speaking a little
about their victories, so he could prove to subsequent generations that
those ruling the Arabs are unjust, and thus should not be trusted or
followed, as a warning to those generations.

We can only say: now we have known how al-Andalus fell and how the Arabs
lost from a different angle, and we have understood that the ambitions and
repeated disagreements that were among them (whether as brothers or rulers)
was what weakened their standing over the ages.

In conclusion, we can clarify a number of points, including: how the owner
of the land transmits his sense of grievance on the basis of portraying the
oppression inflicted by the ruler who deemed his land fair game to seize.
For we have known al-Andalus, its literature and the period in its
entirety, but we have not known the feelings of Spain's original
inhabitants who lived in that period when the Arabs entered their land.
With this book, we sometimes stand as analysts, and sometimes as neutral
observers, for in the eyes of the usurper, all the wars are victories,
while for the owner of the land, they are all grievances. So have we done
justice to al-Andalus by transmitting the literature crated by the Arabs
there? If we are fair, then where is the Andalusian literature of the
original inhabitants? Did they have any art? Or in transmitting knowledge,
does history become like the media, publicising what has more light shed on
it, while smaller matters behind the scenes, only seen by those in the eye
of the storm, are left out, with history not being allowed to speak about
them because they may undermine the victories of others built on silence
about them? Thus, I consider that the translation here has given this
author the right to speak about what we have not seen in the numerous books
of the Arabs!

For we have read about the victor and what he writes but we have not read
about the owner of the land, nor have we received what he has written. It
is true that the author was not exact, and deliberately portrayed the Arabs
in an ugly light in most of the book, but it suffices for us to see another
point of view that we have been used to seeing. Indeed, if all the history
books were translated into our language, we could verify, correct and
compare. For nothing is completed from one side. Rather, for knowledge to
be complete, one must know of all its ways, and without translation, we
close the door before the historical memory we have learned in schools and
universities. For we were always the victorious side therein, and we become
sad about our defeats, while history has concealed from us the joy of the
other side. As such, reading history is important when points of view come
together and they constitute a united front in the face of criticism and
analysis, while translation remains the sole saviour amid technology and
artificial intelligence has begun to tinker with content in accordance with
the whims of its creators.

——————
* Referring to the traditional Prophetic biography.

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